A r c h a e a s t r o n o m y
:
Nimrouz
Middle of Ancient World
Nimrouz land (Sistan/ Zarang /
Zavolestan) has a deep relation with Persian (Iranian)
astrology and calendar. It is different names is because
of it is different usages. Name of "Zabol/ Zavol" had
relation with reaching sun to zenith and it's
measurement of day offspring and the word "Mezvaleh"
which means sun indicator came from that origin the word
"Zarang" (in Achaemenid cuneiform script: "Zaraka")
seems have relation with halt and time and the most
important one is Nimrouz. That came from this believe
which meridian crosses this place . .
.
Winged
Globe
Achaemenid
Empire
Symbol
Everybody knows the
ancient Winged Globe (Winged Disk). In it's common kind
there is a globe with two wings at it's both sides and a
god in the middle of that which sometime has a ring or
flower in her hand and a star figure on top of her head
.Winged Globe chart had been seen from ninth century BC
at all western parts of Persian lands. But her different
main parts like Globe, Wing, god had their own usage at
more ancient times . . .
Ashi
Celestial Goddess of Ancient Persia (Iran)
Cassiopeia/ Cassiopee constellation is one of the
constellations that are near Pole Star and can be seen
at all night at northern celestial. In contrast with
Pole Star Cassiopeia is proportion of Ursa Minors and
Ursa Major these two are always rolling at tow sides of
Pole Star.
Cassiopeia's second and third groups of stars are more
than other constellations so as a result it is one of
the brightest constellations of celestial. Some of the
stars of this constellation used to be more shinning and
some of them had supernovas. One of these supernovas was
Brahe that around 400 years ago suddenly it became so
shiny that it could be seen even at daylights. Today
knowledge has shown that Kappa star of Cassiopeia was
the shiniest star of whole celestial but its exact time
hasn't been defined yet .Powerful radiation fountains
which are the result of Cosmology exploitations at
Cassiopeia constellation has been founded .
. .
A fight between
“Teshtar” and “Apoush” in
sky
About 4000 years ago, Persian had too low
rain and whether at that time so hot as a result some
beliefs had grown up at ancient Persia (Iran). One of
beliefs says “Teshtar” (Sirius) is responsible for
raining and its opposite is “Apoush” (Cabalatrab/
Antares). In “Teshtar Yasht” (a part of Avesta) these
two stars fight with each other (this is one of the
oldest plays of mankind history). At this play some
times Teshtar wins and sometimes Apoush
.
. .
Farr-e Kayani
From long times ago and between different nations
and religious there was a tradition in their
paintings. They draw a beams of light around the
heads of their holly men and kings .In Iranian
(Persian) believes and writings it is called Farr
lightness from god is called Farr that
whoever can have it has the capacity of being
leadership .Sa¢
alebi
called it “God's lucky lights”. In Avesta
there is special part for describing and praying Farr.
«Zamyad
yasht/ kayan yasht/ Khvarena yasht»
these are old parts of Avesta “we pray
Mazda's Farr which is powerful, bright,
adroit, deft, pious which is superior from all
creatures”(Zamyad yasht, Part 9). Zamyad yasht`s
alludes show that these parts are composed in west
mountains of Iran (Persia) specially
«Zabolestan/
Sistan/ Nimrouz».
In Zamyad yasht more than praying Farr so
many mountains of Iran has been alluded
. . .
Anahita
The Persian water's star
In
Iranian (Persian) believes star or as it's
called today planet Anahid/ Anahita/ Nahid
(Venus) is flowing water's star and so Nahid`s
temples have been made near rivers and water
fountains. And also there is another character
which as a result waters and its fountains and
aqueducts belonged to her and she was supporter
of them. The reason why in Iranian traditional
believes water fountains were symbols of
Anahid`s place and men can not go there is based
on this believe. But one question arises here what has happened
in nature that the believe of relation between
water and rivers and Anahid`s star
. . .
Mithra
And
it's association with archeological polar star
Name of Mithra
has been streamer at Persian culture
and literature and by passing time have made a deep
association with “Mehrizad” God of Kindness, Sun and
Friendship. But before it's activities get so vary it's
most popular character was it endless brightness.
Sources that we have
show that this archeological star was the source of
beliefs about Mithra. And for ancients who had a favor
on cosmology a star hat never sets was very important
and interesting .
. .
Discovery of 3000-Years old
Board-Games and a
Compass-Rose
in Persian Gulf’s Kharg Island
LONDON, (CAIS) -- An
ancient four-pointed compass-rose showing directions of
‘four cardinal points’ and a number of board-games
carved on rocks discovered in the Iranian island of
Kharg in the Persian Gulf. The
discovery was made by Shahram Eslami, a local and a
member of Kharg’s Friends of Cultural Heritage. The
relics were studied and their ancient origins identified
by Dr Reza Moradi Ghiasabadi. "The
engravings are between 2000 and 3000 years old. The
first discovered carving is located beside an ancient
road which is a four-pointed compass-rose showing
directions of four cardinal points within a square-shape
with rounded angles setting, 50x50cm in diameters. Some
sections of the compass-rose have been damaged,
apparently as the result of a cracks in the rock," said
Ghiasabadi. He added,
"the compass-rose's lines have been placed in a position
to determine the cardinal points, which have only two
degrees of error based on the Global Positioning System
(GPS)". “Thos is a
unique discovery and a great deal of efforts and
resources should be made available to safeguard the
relic. Also we must not remove it from its original
place," according to Ghiasabadi .
. .
Aryans' Immigration
in
Relation to the Ancient Seas and the Weather of
Persia
The overwhelming
majority of historical sources regard the people of
present Persia (Iran) descendants of Aryans who are
thought to have migrated from some far northern land
towards south including the present land of Persia,
destroyed native people and civilizations and replaced
them. The date of this great migration is speculated
to be sometimes between 3000 to 5000 years ago.
Similarly, speculations on the point of origin of this
great history-making shift includes a vast area from
west, north and center of Europe to east of Asia,
Baltic Sea, Scandinavian peninsula, north plains of
central Asia and Caucasus, Siberia and even the north
pole. This very disagreement and lack of
unquestionable evidences on the exact geographical
homeland of these Aryans point to the soundlessness of
such speculations. Most of contemporary historical
texts end the account of the land of origin and this
great migration with a few short obscure and inexact
statements without giving any sound reasons for such
an important move. They usually suffice to present a
map with a few large arrows drawn from Siberia to
Caspian Sea and central plains of Persia .
. .
The Persian new year
All through their many-thousand-years-old history,
Iranians have considered their sacred and ultimate
duty to preserve and celebrate the nature, as well
as their human habitats in tranquility, freedom and
joy. Therefore, many of their beliefs, rituals and
festivities have their roots in the nature, getting
their inspiration from this source.
The ancient book of "Avesta", that is sacred to
Iranians of all religious creeds, is a book
dedicated to the praise of the natural entities such
as sky, earth, sun, moon, water, wind, clouds,
brooks, seas, plants and the animal kingdom. With a
worldly outlook, and devoid of any hegemony, Avesta
praises all the world's women and the men,
regardless of where they are born,those who
do
strive for the realization of the truth, have
endeavored in this way, or will do so in the
future, those who sow fruitful plants in gorgeous
paradises. The chants of this book are versed in
the name of a grand God, Mithra, who is the
guardian of love and promises and bestows families
with peace, tranquility and happiness
. . .
Weeks
in Ancient Persia (Iran)
Week and
weekdays have important application in calendar systems
both solar and lunar. Even though world’s different
calendars vary in many calculation details and other
features, the method of reckoning based on seven-day
week is the same in all of them. We know that number of
days in a month or in a year is different in each
calendar, even in the same calendar months different
number of days, and
we also know that during the history there have been
reforms to change this. Number of days that are added in
a leap year might also vary . . .
Weekdays
at Ancient Persia (Iran)
Week and seven weekdays has a lot of
usage at solar calendars although different calendars
have different details but in all of them week with
seven days are the same we know days of month and year
differs at different calendars and during history they
had changed and also Leap years have more days.
Another important thing about week is
that they never change at any calendar in other words
weekly counting is the most accurate counting system
this special characteristic has very important role on
synchronizing different calendars. The only difference
that they have is holiday (Friday to Monday) at
different religions .
. .
Gâhanbâr Calendar
The oldest calendar that has found in Persia
(Iran)
In Old Persian (Iranian) epigones there are six
yearly celebrations that are called “Gâhanbâr
celebrations”. Name and time of these celebrations
has been recorded differently that shows their long
history. These celebrations they start at summer. In
order are these: “Midyu- shem” that means middle of
summer. “Patyah- shahim” means end of summer.
“Ayâthrema” coldness starting, middle of fall. “Mid-
yârem” means middle of year, end of fall (year
starts in summer). “Hamaspat- madam” that means
equality between day and night or equality between
coldness and warmness, end of winter, spring
equinox. “Midyu- zarem” means middle of green season
or spring .
. .
A Calendrical Structure:
Chartaqi
Niasar
Chartaqi Niasar
(Niasar Quadric Arcs) is an ancient
place which belongs to late Parthian or first Sassanid. This Chartaqi is one of greatest and
oldest one's in Iran which is not damaged. It's
plan is like quadrangle but actually is
trapezoid with sides that are almost 12 m. For
making this place special stones has been chosen
which are light and some holes on them. The
benefit of choosing these stones is that after
2000 years and also some earthquakes it has not
been damaged. All sides of this Chartaqi like
the other ones are open and there is no door or
window in that .
. .
Chartaqi of Niasar
Hosts the
"Birth
of Mithra"
Celebration
Every year Chartaqi of Niasar is
hosting a large number of Iranians, that
gather there to cherish their ancestral
way of life and to mark the observance
of Sun's Birth on Summer and Winter
Solstice. Chartaqi of Niasar located
near the city of Kashan and constructed
during the late Parthian or early
Sassanian dynastic eras.
"This Chartaqi is one of the greatest and the oldest
one in Iran-proper that remained intact
for over 2000 years. It's plan is like
quadrangle but actually is trapezoid
with sides that are almost 12m",
according to the website of Dr Reza
Moradi Ghiasabadi, Iranian archaeologist
and historian . . .
Zoroaster’s Kaba, in Naqsh-e Rustam
The World’s Most
Unique Ancient Calendrical Structure
An Iranian
archaeologist has rejected the theory describing the
Achaemenid era monument Zoroaster’s Kaba as an
ancient government archive, saying that the monument
is the world’s most unique calendrical and
astronomical building.
“At the end of Shahrivar
(the sixth month of the Iranian calendar, August
23-September 22) we can determine exactly the day of
the month by the light shed by the sun on
Zoroaster’s Kaba. It has been used for daily needs,
determining the time of cultivating crops, and
collecting taxes,” Reza Moradi Ghiasabadi
explained .
. .
A New Character of
Old Persian Cuneiform
Found in Kharg
Inscription
It seems that at some point it was decided to invent a
new character for the ‘nko’
sound where the nasal ‘n’ was pronounced but not
written. This new character was used in writing Sânkoŝâ
in Kharg inscription. If this is correct (as it clearly
can be seen in the picture), we can conclude that a new
37th character of the Late Old Persian cuneiform has
been found .
. .
Kharg
Inscription
Newly Discovered Achaemenid Inscription
The cuneiform inscription, comprising six words
on six different horizontal lines inscribed on a piece
of uneven rock encrusted with corals, has been found
last week during a road construction project. Measuring
about a meter square, the rock has become detached from
its original terrain. Initial
studies show the artefact dates back to the Achaemenid
dynastic era (550-330 BCE).
The first, second, fifth and sixth words are quite
easily legible, but the third and fourth words are
difficult to make out due to erosion, explained expert
on ancient languages Reza Moradi
Ghiasabadi .
. .
Discovery of the Second
Persian Geometrical Inscription
The second Persian geometrical inscription which was
carved in Kaftarli (Kaftarlou)
hill have been discovered in Akhtarabad region in
Shahryar. Due to the similarity of this geometrical
writing with those previously found in Susa clay stamps
and Jiroft’s inscription, experts estimate that this
newly discovered geometrical inscription must have dated
back to at least 5000 years ago.
After Kan Charmee inscription which was discovered
previous year in northern Kurdistan, this is the second
geometrical inscription ever found in Iran. Regarding
the antiquity of this inscription, Reza Moradi
Ghiasabadi, archeologist and researcher, says: “Based on
the signs implemented in creating this geometrical
writing and its similarity to Susa stamps, it is
believed that it must have belonged to 4200 to 4500
years ago. On the other hand, due to the rate of
oxidization, we give the possibility that the
inscription must have been more ancient.”
Арийцы иммиграции
Aрийцы
"Иммиграция в отношении древнего моря погоды и Иран
(Персия)
Реза Моради
Гиясабади
Подавляющее большинство исторических источников касается людей
нынешнего Персия (Иран) потомки ариев, которые, как полагают,
некоторые мигрировали из северных земель далеко к югу, включая
земли нынешней Персии, уничтоживших местные цивилизации и народа
и заменить их. Дата этой великой
миграции по слухам, порою с 3000 до 5000 лет назад.
Точно так же говорят о месте происхождения этой великой историей
решений сдвиг включает обширный район с запада, севере и в
центре Европы, на востоке Азии, Балтийского, Скандинавского
полуострова, север равнины Средней Азии и на Кавказе, в Сибири и
даже северной полюсу.
Это очень разногласий и отсутствия неоспоримых свидетельств о
точном географическом родины настоящих арийцев с точки
soundlessness подобных домыслов.
Большая
часть современных исторических документов конца отчет о родине,
и эта великая миграция с несколько расплывчатыми и неточными
заявления, не приводя каких-либо веских причин для такого
важного шага.
Они, как правило, достаточно представить карту
с несколькими крупными стрелками из Сибири до Каспия и
Центральной равнины Персии .
. .
Аревнейшая
Солнечная Обсерватория в Иране
Зaниси
"Aвесты” и других текстов имеют связаны с древней энохой
ахеменидов, и в каждой из ныхскрыть тайны. Накше
Рустам – это название местности в провинции Фарс в шести
килуметрах к северу от “Тахте Джамшида”. В этом месте в
сердцевине горы Севанда высечены четыре гробницы,
относящиеся к царям ахеменидов. В нижней ее части
имеются несколько разукрашеных камней, сохранившихся со
времен сасанидов и даже со времен эламской
государственности. Именно из-
за наличия этих изображений даная местность называется
Накше Рустам. На некотором расстоянии от горы
расположено строение солнечной обсерватории Накше
Рустам. Оно представляет собой иостройку, которая была
воздвигнута в приод ахеменидов .
. .
